A Ghon complex refers to which combination?

A Ghon complex refers to which combination?

• A. Ghon focus with hilar lymph node involvement
• B. Ghon focus without lymph node involvement
• C. Hilar lymphadenopathy without Ghon focus
• D. Ghon complex in the liver

Answer: (A)

Ghon complex is the combination of a primary TB lesion in the lung (a Ghon focus) with involvement of the ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes. This pairing—lung parenchymal focus plus regional lymphadenopathy—captures how primary tuberculosis typically spreads from the initial lung lesion to nearby lymph nodes. If both elements heal and calcify later, it’s called a Ranke complex, but the defining idea is the lung focus together with hilar lymph node involvement. The other scenarios aren’t the same: a lone Ghon focus lacks lymph node involvement; hilar lymphadenopathy without a primary parenchymal lesion isn’t the Ghon complex; and involvement of the liver is not part of this TB pattern.

Ghon complex is the combination of a primary TB lesion in the lung (a Ghon focus) with involvement of the ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes. This pairing—lung parenchymal focus plus regional lymphadenopathy—captures how primary tuberculosis typically spreads from the initial lung lesion to nearby lymph nodes. If both elements heal and calcify later, it’s called a Ranke complex, but the defining idea is the lung focus together with hilar lymph node involvement. The other scenarios aren’t the same: a lone Ghon focus lacks lymph node involvement; hilar lymphadenopathy without a primary parenchymal lesion isn’t the Ghon complex; and involvement of the liver is not part of this TB pattern.